Ground states in physics refer to the lowest energy state of a system. This state represents the stable configuration of the system where the particles are in their lowest possible energy levels. Ground states are important in understanding the behavior of physical systems, as they serve as a reference point for studying the properties and dynamics of the system. Researchers often study ground states to understand the fundamental properties of materials, such as their magnetic or electrical properties, and to predict how they will behave when subjected to external influences or changes in conditions. Ground states play a crucial role in various branches of physics, including condensed matter physics, quantum mechanics, and particle physics.